Evaluating Volunteer Satisfaction with Sustainability Initiatives at the Paris 2024 Olympics

Abstract

This study examines volunteer satisfaction with the sustainability initiatives implemented during the Paris 2024 Olympic Games using the psychological constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical framework. Rather than testing the original TPB model, the study investigates whether attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are associated with satisfaction across seven sustainability dimensions: Carbon Neutrality, Renewable Energy, Public Transport, Waste Management, Sustainable Architecture, Social Inclusion, and Economic Sustainability. The results reveal that subjective norms were significant positive predictors across several sustainability dimensions, highlighting the importance of social expectations in shaping volunteer evaluations. Perceived behavioral control also showed significant positive associations, particularly with Carbon Neutrality and Renewable Energy, suggesting that volunteers who perceived greater ability to contribute reported higher satisfaction. However, lower explanatory power was observed for Public Transport and Social Inclusion, indicating that additional contextual factors may influence volunteer satisfaction. These findings demonstrate that TPB-derived psychological constructs provide a useful perspective for understanding volunteer evaluations of sustainability initiatives and offer practical implications for enhancing volunteer experiences in future mega-sport events, consistent with the sustainability objectives of Olympic Agenda 2020+5.